Shih Tzu: Health Issues, Temperament, Lifespan. You Need To Know

If you’re considering bringing home a Shih Tzu, it’s important to understand the potential shih tzu health issues, temperament, and lifespan of this beloved breed. From respiratory problems to dental issues, the Shih Tzu may require extra care and attention to ensure a happy and healthy life. Additionally, their affectionate and friendly temperament make them an ideal companion for families, but they may also be prone to separation anxiety. In this article, we will explore the various aspects of owning a Shih Tzu that you need to know in order to make an informed decision about adding this delightful breed to your household.

Health Issues

Common Health Problems

As with most dog breeds, Shih Tzus are prone to certain health issues. Some of the common health problems that Shih Tzus may experience include dental problems, eye problems, breathing issues, back problems, allergies, and skin conditions. It is important for owners to be aware of these potential health issues and to provide appropriate care and regular check-ups to ensure their Shih Tzu’s well-being.

Eye Problems

Shih Tzus are known for their adorable round eyes, but they are also prone to several eye problems. One common eye condition in Shih Tzus is called “dry eye” or keratoconjunctivitis sicca, which results in a lack of tear production. This can lead to discomfort, pain, and potential damage to the cornea. Another common eye problem in Shih Tzus is progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), which is a gradual degeneration of the retina leading to vision loss. Regular eye examinations and proper care are crucial to ensure the health of a Shih Tzu’s delicate eyes.

Breathing Issues

Due to their distinctive facial structure with a short nose and pushed-in face, Shih Tzus are prone to breathing issues. This breed is known to suffer from brachycephalic airway obstruction syndrome (BAOS), which can cause snorting, snoring, and difficulty breathing. It is important to keep Shih Tzus in a cool and well-ventilated environment, avoid excessive exercise, and monitor their breathing closely to prevent any respiratory distress.

Back Problems

Shih Tzus, like many other small dog breeds, can be susceptible to back problems such as intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). The structure of their spine makes them more prone to herniated discs, which can lead to pain, nerve damage, and mobility issues. Owners should provide regular exercise to keep their Shih Tzus’ backs strong and support their posture with appropriate bedding to minimize the risk of back problems.

Dental Problems

Shih Tzus are known for their small mouths and crowded teeth, which can contribute to dental problems. Periodontal disease, tooth decay, and tooth loss are common issues in this breed. Regular dental care, including brushing their teeth and providing dental treats or toys, is essential to maintain good oral hygiene and prevent dental problems in Shih Tzus.

Allergies

Shih Tzus are prone to allergies, which can manifest as skin irritations, itching, and dermatitis. Allergies may be triggered by environmental factors such as pollen or dust mites, as well as food sensitivities. Identifying and avoiding allergens, and following a veterinarian’s recommended treatment plan, can help manage allergies in Shih Tzus and improve their overall quality of life.

Temperament and Personality Traits

Lively and Intelligent

Shih Tzus are known for their lively and intelligent nature. They are curious, alert, and always ready to investigate their surroundings. With proper socialization and training, they can quickly learn new commands and tricks, making them highly trainable dogs. Their intelligence also means that they can become bored easily, so mental stimulation through interactive toys or puzzle games is recommended to keep them entertained.

Friendly and Affectionate

Shih Tzus have a friendly and affectionate disposition, making them excellent companion dogs. They thrive on human interaction and enjoy being a part of the family. Shih Tzus are known for their ability to form strong bonds with their owners and provide endless love and companionship. They are often described as clingy or velcro dogs, as they prefer to be by your side at all times.

Independent and Stubborn

Despite their affectionate nature, Shih Tzus also display some independent and stubborn traits. They may have a mind of their own and can sometimes be resistant to commands or training. It is important for owners to be patient and persistent in their training efforts, using positive reinforcement techniques to motivate their Shih Tzus. Consistency and a firm yet gentle approach are key in successfully training a Shih Tzu.

Alert and Courageous

Shih Tzus may be small in size, but they possess a courageous spirit. They are highly alert and make excellent watchdogs, often alerting their owners to any potential dangers or strangers approaching. Despite their size, Shih Tzus have a brave temperament and will bravely defend their family if they sense a threat. It is important to socialize them properly from a young age to ensure their alertness does not translate into aggression towards unfamiliar people or animals.

Exercise and Grooming Needs

Exercise Requirements

Although small in size, Shih Tzus have moderate exercise requirements. Daily walks and playtime in a secure and safe area are recommended to keep them physically and mentally stimulated. While they may not need intense exercise like some larger breeds, regular exercise is essential to prevent obesity and maintain their overall health.

Grooming Needs

Shih Tzus have a long, luxurious double coat that requires regular grooming to keep it healthy and tangle-free. They have hair rather than fur, which means they shed less but require more care. Daily brushing is recommended to prevent matting and tangling. Regular bathing is also important to keep their coat clean and free from dirt and debris. Additionally, regular inspections of their ears, eyes, and teeth are necessary to maintain their overall hygiene.

Haircare Tips

To keep a Shih Tzu’s coat in optimal condition, there are a few haircare tips to follow. Regular brushing using a slicker brush or comb is essential to prevent tangles and mats. Trimming the hair around their eyes can help prevent eye irritations. Many owners choose to keep their Shih Tzus’ coats clipped short for easier maintenance, while others prefer the traditional long, flowing coat with topknots. Regardless of the desired coat length, professional grooming may be necessary every few months to keep their coat looking its best.

Training and Socialization

Training Techniques

Positive reinforcement training techniques work best for Shih Tzus. They respond well to praise, treats, and rewards, making it important to use these as motivational tools during training sessions. Consistency, patience, and gentle guidance are key when training a Shih Tzu, as they can be sensitive to harsh or forceful training methods. Early socialization is crucial to ensure they are comfortable and friendly with unfamiliar people, animals, and different environments.

Socialization Tips

Socialization should begin from an early age to expose Shih Tzus to various sights, sounds, smells, and experiences. Introducing them to different people, animals, and environments will help them develop into well-rounded and confident dogs. Enrolling them in puppy classes, visiting dog-friendly places, and arranging playdates with other friendly dogs can also aid in their socialization journey. Positive reinforcement and rewards should be utilized during socialization to create positive associations with new experiences.

Feeding and Nutritional Needs

Feeding Schedule

Establishing a feeding schedule is important to maintain a healthy diet for your Shih Tzu. It is generally recommended to feed adult Shih Tzus two meals a day, while puppies may require more frequent meals to support their growth and development. Avoid free-feeding or leaving food out all day, as it can lead to overeating and weight gain. Consulting with a veterinarian to determine the appropriate portion sizes and feeding schedule for your Shih Tzu is crucial.

Recommended Dog Food

Providing high-quality dog food specifically formulated for small breeds is essential for meeting a Shih Tzu’s nutritional needs. Look for dog foods that list real meat as the primary ingredient and avoid foods with artificial additives or fillers. It is advisable to opt for dog foods specifically formulated for small breeds to ensure they receive the appropriate balance of nutrients. Consulting with a veterinarian can help determine the best dog food brand and formula for your Shih Tzu.

Special Dietary Requirements

Some Shih Tzus may have special dietary requirements or sensitivities that require a customized feeding plan. For example, certain individuals may have allergies or intolerances to specific ingredients, such as grains or certain proteins. Identifying and eliminating these allergens from their diet can help alleviate any digestive issues or allergic reactions. If you suspect your Shih Tzu has special dietary needs, consult with a veterinarian for guidance and recommendations.

Common Behavioral Issues

Separation Anxiety

Shih Tzus are known for their attachment to their owners and can be prone to separation anxiety. They may exhibit signs of distress, such as destructive behavior or excessive barking, when left alone for extended periods. To help prevent and manage separation anxiety, gradually introduce alone time and ensure they have plenty of mental and physical stimulation when you are away. Crate training, interactive toys, and leaving them with comforting items, such as their favorite blanket, can also help ease their anxiety.

Aggression

While Shih Tzus are generally friendly and affectionate, some individuals may exhibit aggressive behavior if not properly socialized or trained. Early socialization with other dogs, animals, and various people is crucial to ensure they grow up to be well-adjusted and non-aggressive pets. Positive reinforcement training techniques and consistent, firm boundaries should be employed to prevent any aggressive tendencies from developing. If aggression issues arise, seeking professional help from a certified dog behaviorist is recommended.

Excessive Barking

Shih Tzus are known to love the sound of their own voice and can be prone to excessive barking. They may bark when they are excited, bored, anxious, or simply seeking attention. To manage excessive barking, it is important to address the root cause and provide appropriate mental and physical stimulation to prevent boredom. Positive reinforcement training can also be employed to teach them commands such as “quiet” or “enough” to help control their barking behavior.

Healthcare and Veterinary Care

Regular Check-ups

Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to ensure the overall health and well-being of a Shih Tzu. Routine examinations allow the veterinarian to monitor their weight, check for any signs of illness or abnormalities, and provide necessary vaccinations or preventive treatments. It is advisable to schedule yearly or biannual check-ups, depending on the dog’s age, to catch any potential health issues early and address them promptly.

Vaccination Schedule

Following a proper vaccination schedule is crucial to protect a Shih Tzu from preventable diseases. Puppies require a series of vaccinations starting at a few weeks old, with booster shots administered at regular intervals. Core vaccinations, such as those for distemper, parvovirus, and rabies, are necessary to ensure their immunity against these potentially life-threatening diseases. Consulting with a veterinarian will help establish a vaccination schedule tailored to your Shih Tzu’s specific needs.

Preventive Measures

Apart from vaccinations, preventive measures such as regular parasite control and dental care are important for a Shih Tzu’s overall health. Regular preventive treatments for fleas, ticks, and heartworms will help protect them from these common parasites. Additionally, maintaining good dental hygiene through regular teeth brushing and providing dental treats or toys can prevent dental problems and promote better oral health. Regular grooming and inspections can also help identify any skin issues or abnormalities early on.

Life Expectancy and Longevity

Average Lifespan

Shih Tzus have a relatively long lifespan compared to many other dog breeds. On average, a Shih Tzu can live between 10 and 16 years, with proper care and a healthy lifestyle. However, it is important to note that individual dogs may have different life expectancies depending on various factors such as genetics, overall health, and lifestyle factors.

Factors Affecting Lifespan

Several factors can influence a Shih Tzu’s lifespan. Genetics play a significant role, as certain health conditions may be more prevalent in certain bloodlines. Providing a nutritious diet, regular exercise, regular veterinary care, and a loving, stress-free environment can all contribute to a longer and healthier life for a Shih Tzu. Avoiding obesity, maintaining good dental hygiene, and addressing any health issues promptly can also help prolong their lifespan.

Choosing a Shih Tzu

Finding a Reputable Breeder

When choosing a Shih Tzu, it is important to find a reputable breeder who prioritizes the health and well-being of their dogs. Reputable breeders conduct health testing on their breeding dogs to ensure they are free from hereditary health conditions. They provide proper socialization for the puppies and are knowledgeable about the breed’s temperament and traits. Research reputable breeders, visit their facilities, and ask for references to ensure you are getting a healthy and well-cared-for Shih Tzu.

Adoption Considerations

Adopting a Shih Tzu from a rescue or shelter is another option for those looking to bring this breed into their home. There are many Shih Tzus in need of loving homes, and adoption can be a rewarding experience. However, it is important to understand that rescue dogs may have unknown backgrounds or potential behavioral issues, so patience, understanding, and proper training may be required.

Puppy or Adult Dog

Deciding whether to bring home a Shih Tzu puppy or an adult dog is a personal choice that depends on various factors. Puppies require more time, attention, and training compared to adult dogs. They also offer the opportunity to shape their behavior and habits from a young age. Adult dogs, on the other hand, may already be house-trained, have established personalities, and require less intensive training. Consider your lifestyle, the time you can dedicate to training and caring for a dog, and your preferences when making this decision.

Shih Tzu as Family Pets

Compatibility with Children

Shih Tzus can make wonderful family pets and are generally compatible with children. However, it is important to supervise interactions between young children and dogs to ensure the safety of both parties. Teach children how to properly handle and interact with a dog, including being gentle and respectful. Socializing a Shih Tzu with children from a young age can help them develop a positive and trusting relationship.

Compatibility with Other Pets

Shih Tzus can generally get along well with other pets when properly socialized. They are known for their friendly and sociable nature, which allows them to form bonds with other dogs and animals. It is important to introduce them to other pets gradually and in a controlled environment to ensure a positive and safe interaction. Monitoring their initial interactions and providing plenty of positive reinforcement can help foster good relationships between a Shih Tzu and other pets in the household.

In conclusion, owning a Shih Tzu comes with its own set of considerations and responsibilities. They are prone to certain health issues, require proper training and socialization, have specific grooming and dietary needs, and can exhibit various behavioral traits. However, with the right care, love, and attention, Shih Tzus can bring immense joy, companionship, and years of happiness to their owners’ lives.